Circular No. 58/2026/TT-BTC dated 25 May 2026 of the Ministry of Finance guiding the Accounting Regime for Micro-Enterprises

1. Applicable entities

• Micro-enterprises: Mandatory application to all micro-enterprises determined according to the criteria prescribed by the law on support for small and medium-sized enterprises. According to the current criteria for determining micro-enterprises (Article 5 of Decree No. 80/2021/ND-CP)
• Household businesses, individual business operators: If desired, they may voluntarily choose to apply Circular No. 58/2026/TT-BTC to carry out accounting work at their entities.

2. Organization of the accounting apparatus

• In order to remove difficulties relating to accounting personnel for family business models, the Circular stipulates:
  • No mandatory appointment of a Chief Accountant: Enterprises may appoint a person in charge of accounting instead. The person in charge of accounting is authorized to sign accounting documents, accounting books and Financial Statements on behalf of the Chief Accountant.
  • Relaxation of requirements for accounting personnel: Micro-enterprises are permitted to appoint relatives (father, mother, wife, husband, children, brothers, sisters, etc.) of the legal representative or head of the enterprise; or appoint managers, warehouse keepers, cashiers, or persons responsible for purchasing and selling assets to perform accounting duties; or engage outsourced accounting services.

3. Principles for applying the accounting regime

• Based on the tax payment method: Enterprises shall base their accounting records on the applicable VAT and CIT payment methods.
  • Consistency principle: The application of or selection to change the accounting regime must be consistent throughout a financial year. Changes may only be made from the first day of the subsequent annual accounting period.
  • Autonomy in forms and templates: Enterprises may proactively design, amend or supplement accounting voucher and accounting book forms to suit their business characteristics, provided that accuracy, transparency and compliance with the Accounting Law are ensured.
  • Maximum support from technology: In cases where enterprises use e-invoices and the Tax Authority's system supports the determination of tax liabilities, enterprises only need to use the accounting book forms prescribed under this Circular for monitoring and reconciliation purposes.

4. List of accounting books applicable to each tax payment method

Circular No. 58/2026/TT-BTC has simplified the accounting book system, eliminating complex accounting accounts (Debit/Credit entries). Taxpayers only need to directly record monetary amounts, revenue and expenses. The list applicable to the four main tax payment methods is as follows:

(1) VAT and CIT paid at a percentage (%) of revenue:

• Accounting documents: Invoices and other accounting documents prescribed by accounting and tax laws shall be used as the basis for determining revenue.
• Only 01 accounting book is required: Sales Revenue Book for Goods and Services (Form No. S1-DNSN)

(2) VAT paid at a percentage (%) of revenue and CIT paid based on taxable income

• Accounting documents: Invoices, Lists of Purchases of Goods and Services without Invoices, and other accounting documents prescribed by accounting and tax laws shall be used as the basis for determining revenue, income, expenses, and the amounts of VAT and CIT payable and paid during the period.
• The accounting book system consists of 4 books: Sales Revenue Book for Goods and Services (Form No. S2a-DNSN); Detailed Revenue and Expense Book (Form No. S2b-DNSN); Detailed Materials, Tools, Products and Goods Book (Form No. S2c-DNSN); Detailed Cash Book (Form No. S2d-DNSN).

(3) VAT paid under the credit method and CIT paid at a percentage (%) of revenue

• Accounting documents: Invoices, Lists of Purchases of Goods and Services without Invoices, and other accounting documents prescribed by accounting and tax laws shall be used as the basis for determining revenue.
• The accounting book system consists of 02 books: Sales Revenue Book for Goods and Services (Form No. S3a-DNSN); VAT Liability Monitoring Book (Form No. S3b-DNSN)

(4) VAT paid under the credit method and CIT paid based on taxable income

• Accounting documents: Invoices, Lists of Purchases of Goods and Services without Invoices, and other accounting documents prescribed by accounting and tax laws shall be used as the basis for determining revenue, income, expenses, and the amounts of VAT and CIT payable and paid during the period.

5. Financial statements

• Enterprises applying the CIT calculation method based on taxable income are required to prepare financial statements in accordance with Circular No. 58/2026/TT-BTC, except where otherwise provided by law. The financial statements include:
  • Statement of Financial Position (Form No. B01-DNSN)
  • Statement of Business Results (Form No. B02-DNSN)
  • Submission deadline: 90 days from the end of the financial year.
• Enterprises paying CIT at a percentage (%) of revenue from the sale of goods and services are not required to prepare financial statements for submission to competent state authorities, unless otherwise required by law.

6. Transfer of balances in accounting books

• Based on the balances of accounting accounts prescribed under Circular No. 132/2018/TT-BTC, enterprises shall transfer such balances to the relevant accounting books when applying Circular No. 58/2026/TT-BTC.
• When changing the applicable accounting regime (due to a change in the VAT or CIT payment method in accordance with tax regulations, or due to the selection or discontinuation of the accounting regime for small and medium-sized enterprises), the ending balances in the previous accounting books shall be used as the basis for transferring to the opening balances of the corresponding accounting books in the subsequent period as appropriate.